1862 January 15

[from the diary of Z Lee Gilmer, Co. b of the 19th Virginia, the Albemarle Rifles]

Returned to Reg from
of Picket today after
having a very hard time
indeed. We left Post No 3
yesterday (14th) for No 5. we
had to march over an
untroden road, for the
snow was some 4 or 5 inch
deep & quite cold. did
not reach No 5 until
near night, relieved the
5th S Carolina. the
most dirty ragid set
in service. They bear
a very hard name every
where they go- more so
than any other state.
I got supper at Miss
Beaches with my friends
Wm Shepherd Dan Shepherd
Frank Goolsby & Wm P.
Hamner, we had to go a
mile through woods &
snow & after dark and
still snowing to get to
the house. we got a mode-
rate supper for soldiers.
Goolsby & I chat[t]ed the 3
“gals” one I called Maj
Mollie she is a plump
one & full of fun. after
while we returned & built
up a fire & slep[t] the rema-
inder of the night beneath
a brush hut rudly put
up it snowed, hailed, rained
& sleeted all night & all
of today. I never saw
a worse day & we had
to march six long
miles to camp wet, cold &
hungry over awful roads

MSS 4459

1862 January 15 Front Royal, [Va.]

Dear Richard

Returning from one of my
long evening rides, I find here
your note of yesterday and
reply very hastily.

Your wishes about the clothes
shall be attended to–

We have been getting up a
box for you, today; and it
will probably be done in the
morning, in time to go in care
of Mr Campbell. If not, by next
opportunity.

Cous Mount is better–The rest
of us pretty well. We hear
Walter has been sick–Write
to him – directing to Winchester.

As soon as I sell my fat cattle

[page 2]
I want to go down to see you.

Tell Amos Newton[?] is no better–
I fear he will hardly survive
Owing to the bad weather
I have not seen him today–

Richd Bayly has arrived at
home–

Write frequently & fully.
Kind remembrances to the Compa-
ny & your mess Especially

Your Very Aff Parent
M.B. Buck

Learn one good and useful
thing each day, and lay it
up carefully in the store-house
of your memory–

[Richard Bayly Buck, 1844-1888, was a member of the Warren Rifles, Co. B of the 17th Virginia]
MSS 3064

1862 January 15 Camp Randolph

Dear Aunt

I take my pen in
hand this morning to write you a
few lines to let you know that I am
well and hope when this comes
to hand it may find you enjoying
good health. I have nothing of
interest to write. We are settled
down in camp and if the present
state of the weather continues we
will be quiet until spring.
Our brigade is on picket; went
last Sunday, but expect to
return this evening. I did
not go as my shoes are not
very good for snow, and the wen
and muddy state of the roads.
Our Generals are not looking
for any military movements now
I think as they are giving
furloughs pretty freely. There is
three of our company at home

[page 2]
on furlough now, and three
more expecting to go in a day or
two. My turn does not come for
some time yet but I expect to
get home some time this winter
or spring. Mr See has just
been around he is speaking
of building a chapel near the
regiment expects to commence in
a few days. It would be much
more comfortable than to attend
preaching in the open air. It has
been rumored that part of our
brigade went to the Yankees while
on picket–but I do not think
it so. Yet it would not surprise
me if a great many did not desert
as the soldier is not getting what
is justly due him There has been
several days that they got no meat
at all and when there is meat
issued it is in small quantities Our
regiment has not suffered any however
as we get a great deal from home.

[upside down in top margin of page 1]
I will draw this to a close by asking
you to give my love to Aunt Anna and
Uncle James’ family and receive a due share
yourself T. M. Smiley

Thomas M. Smiley, Company D, 5th Virginia Infantry
MSS 1807

1862 January 14 Greenwood Depot [Albemarle County, Va.]

My Dear Friend [General John Hartwell Cocke]

For several weeks I have had it
in mind to write to you, but I confess I have
shrunk from the effort to offer any consolation
in your great affliction. I could sit down
& weep with you in silence, and thus express
my deep sympathy with you, and your
afflicted family. But what sorrow is there
for which the Gospel does not afford a
remedy? What wound so deep that Jesus
cannot heal? Is there not a balm in
Gilead? Is there not a physician there?
Yea verily, there is one who came to
bind up the broken hearted. There is
no expression of grief stronger than
this, and yet the broken heart is
within the reach of his healing power.
Earth hath no sorrow that Jesus can=
not cure. He was himself a man
of sorrow, and acquainted with

[page 2]
grief, and therefore can be touched with
a feeling of our infirmities. Yea he bore
our griefs & carried our sorrows. If then
Jesus sympathises with us, what need we
more? Can human sympathies add
anything to the full flowing stream of
divine consolation? Had your
noble son fallen in battle as mine did,
I know from experience, you would
have found consolation in the thought
that it was the glorious gate of Heaven
which had opened for him.
Well, though divested of the halo of
glory which, in the estimation of men,
would then have gathered around his
head–Philip died no less in the
service of his country, battling for
her rights, and for the defence of his
wife & children, and all that he
held dear on earth. It was God’s
appointment that he should die
near those he most tenderly loved.

[page 3]
In this matter of death we must regard
second causes, as the appointment of
God, no less than the fatal result itself.
His constitution, never strong, had already
been taxed to its power of endurance
in a life of intense labour of mind
& body–His camp life unsuited to
his former habits–His patriotic ardour,
his noble ambition to do his whole
duty–his military passion enflamed his zeal
to efforts far beyond his strength.
His private secretary told me that after
bein on his horse all day attending
personally to fortifications, & other
camp duties, he would return to his
Tent completely prostrated, and
instead of taking the rest he needed,
would throw himself on his bed
and dictate to him for hours, giving
the minutest directions for the next
day. Is it any wonder that under
these exhausting labors, his delicately

[page 4]
strung nervous system should have sunk?
Here, my dear friend was the cause of
your honored son’s death–his too
faithful performance of duties beyond
his strength. Look not beyond this
and the wise, though mysterious
decree of God. For some years
your beloved son had been a christian
and we know it shall be well with
them that die in the Lord, whatever
the manner of their death.
Please assure dear Courtney of my tender
love and sympathy with her, & her fatherless
children. “Leave thy fatherless children, I will
preserve them alive; & let thy widows trust in
me.” Here is a richer inheritance than gold
& silver.

Give my sincere love to Charles & his good
wife & children, and to Miss Nannie Oliver.
Also to Sally & her husband.
May God comfort and all your
afflicted family with his presence & his
grace.

Most affectionately
yr friend & brother in Christ
Peyton [Rives] Harrison

MSS 640

1862 January 14

Capt C C Cocke Dear Sir I drop you a few
lines to Let you no that I am yet in the Land of
the living tho I am not able to do any thing some
times for weeks I am laid up I hope when this
reaches Camp it may find you and all of your men
well I no that you think hard of my leaving when
I did and as I did I no that I have done contrary to
the Law and I am sorry that it is so but I was
persueaded by many that I thought new more then I did
to leave when I left I did not intend to stay so long as I
have but not being able for service is the cause of my
not returning I was excited when I left on the
account of my on situation and that of my family
I had bin gone some six weeks and they wrote
me that they had never received any thing form[sic] the
county and they were likely to sufer so under these
considerrations I be came excited and I have sufered
great agony of paine since I left the doctor
says he cant do me any good rest and to
rub with sompthing[sic] is the best thing for me
tho I wish I was there if I can do any good I am
not able to stoop about I am just as true
to the South and her writes[sic] as any many and
if you can assine[sic] me to any place that I can
perform and send me a furlow for ten days
to come on I will try and get there I have not
bin able to do 1 days work se[hole in paper] last harvest

[page 2]
please write and let me hear I had
understood that the company says that I shall
not come in any more or at least they dont
want me if you will be so kind as
to write to me you will pleas direct yours
to Scottsville Your most umble servant
Samuel H Harden

Capt C C Cocke
Manssas Junction

MSS 640

1862 January 14 Green County Ala

to Genrl. J. H. Cocke

I wish I was competant my
dear Friend to offer you that consolation
that you need in this your time of
distress–we have heard of your bereave=
ment in the death of your son-
Phillip and we truly symppathise[sic]–
with you and put our trust in
God who we are taught in his word
does all things well, we cannot see
through the mysterious ways of providence
therefore we must submit to his
decrees: From all that I have ever
heard of your son he has ever been
look upon as a model gentleman and
our human reason would say how
can we spare such men in the prime
of manhood and when their Country
so much need their services, but we
are taught inscutable[sic] are the ways
of God and we must bow and
trust; my family are all well that
are at home–we have lately got letters
from our sons in the army. Joseph and
Ruffin report themselves well–
my son Thomas at Bowling-Green Kentucky
has been sick but was much better when
he wrote home eight days since
I passed your plantation yesterday–
Lucy said they were all well; we
keep up our meeting three times a
month Nd I feel that it has been
attended with good results to all
our people, they seem to be orderly
and attentive to preaching and I
am persuaided[sic] we should continue
to afford them religious instruction–
Your planting interest here is con-
ducted with judgment and you[r] place
has made a good crop of corn and
cotton. I have also made a good crop
but since there is no market for cotton
we will be hard pressed to meet our
current expenses, and until cotton is
sold have no means of paying debts
I think that the planting interest will
hereafter make more meat in this part
of Alabama and of course be more
independant–we have had and [sic] uncom
=mon warm winter but few days that it
was at all suitable to kill hogs and
I fear that some will be lost
My wife Joins me in Kind regard
Your Friend Benjn Borden

[Lucy and our people are references to the slave Lucy Skipwith and her fellow slaves. See Lucy’s own letter to Cocke on January 13.]

MSS 640

1862 January 14 [camp near Centreville]

This next letter, dated 14 Jan. 1862, is badly tattered and stained.]
Jan. 14th 1862.
My Dear Sister,
Yesterday one wing of
the battalion returned from the tour of
picket duty on which it has been enga-
ged for several days, and on arriving in-
Camp I found awaiting me your kind &
welcome letter. I heartily thank you for
the promptitude exhibited in executing the
Commission which I troubled and en-
trusted you to perform. I will be much
pleased to receive the articles mentioned
by express as soon as you can conveniently
send them. I would also be glad if you
would enclose Quackenbo’s Nat’l. Philosophy
not omitting the tooth brush, fine tooth
Comb and other articles aforemen-
tioned. I am also much obliged
for the recent frequency of your letters which
has gratified me no little. It is however
been generally out of my power to
reply punctually on account of the
interference of other imperative duties.
In your last letter you mentioned
that Grandmama desired to take issue[?]
in greeting or supporting the Theatre
Now in process of Construction at this
place. We can assure her that I
shall not for I disapprove of the plan
almost as heartily as she. This is
no time or place for such amusements.

[page 2]
When the country is engaged in a
stern Contest for its freedom, and
is wrapt in sorrow for those who are
daily sacrificing their lives in the
cause, there are more worthy and serious
objects demanding the attention of its
soldiers that that of playing for the
purpose of whiling away hours of lazi-
ness, and idleness. I shall certainly
be no advocate or supporter of such
amusements.
It is thought at present through-
out the army that in a few days
a regular system of giving furloughs
will be inaugurated and that in
turn all will be granted a leave of
absence for a reasonable period of them
to visit home. If this be so, & I ap-
prehend it is I think that in all
probability I shall be able to obtain
one about the middle of January.
Just now there is no chance for
me as the claims of several who have
never been home since enlisting in
April last precede my own.
Last night snow fell quite heavily
and to day the ground is [-]
[This line is so faded it is illegible.]
[-] I am however provided with
a good fire and comfortable lodgings,
and can hence defy the elements.
There are at present no rumors,
or indications to the effect that a
battle is imminent on this line of
operations or indeed that one will

[page 3]
occur during the entire month. On
the contrary, it is the ^ ‘general’ impression
that until Spring opens all active
operations will be suspended. We
have so little insight into the plans
of our generals & military strategy
is so inscrutable to those inaccessible
to information, that I do not feel jus-
tified in giving an opinion. Such
however would be the inference naturally
drawn from the present aspect of
affairs.
I have heard nothing from Abram
since last writing, but I suppose that
you hear from him frequently, & that
he is well. I am very glad to
learn that Carrie has been in a
measure relieved from her violent
neuralgia pains, and is at present able
to enjoy her usual rides with Grand-
mama. Give her my love and hope
for her speedy and total recovery.
Since commencing to write the snow
has recommenced to fall and is now [in]
fact increasing its depth. It is not
extremely cold but there is every
prospect of a very deep snow.
Visions of sleigh rides and blithe
companions have very easily created
in our fanciful brains, but every
vestige of civilization, and luxury
has been so effectively wiped
out of this dreary, and wasted Country
that one gaze at the ill-seeming
prospect is sufficient to dispel the
illusion.
[page 4]
Provisions down here are very scarce and
high and although I feel as if imposing
too many burdens on any easy horse,
I am going to trouble you with yet
another Commission – i.e. the purchase,
(or procuring) and forwarding of a
barrel, or half barrel of potatoes.
Mr. Stump will doubtless fix them for
you if you refer it to his superinten-
dance as I have no doubt there are
plenty on the farm. As to the cabbage
I do not care. Tell Ma I am much obli-
ged for the strawberry preserves of which
you spoke. We have to furnish our
own table and vegetables cannot be
illusion.
[page 4]
Provisions down here are very scarce and
high and although I feel as if imposing
too many burdens on any easy horse,
I am going to trouble you with yet
another Commission – i.e. the purchase,
(or procuring) and forwarding of a
barrel, or half barrel of potatoes.
Mr. Stump will doubtless fix them for
you if you refer it to his superinten-
dance as I have no doubt there are
plenty on the farm. As to the cabbage
I do not care. Tell Ma I am much obli-
ged for the strawberry preserves of which
you spoke. We have to furnish our
own table and vegetables cannot be
procured then at an exorbitant price,
and the consequence is that scurvy &
similar affections have frequently made
their appearance.
You will probably receive this letter
on Thursday the 1oth and this will
give you time to send the articles
desired by express on Saturday the 18th
at this time I shall have some
person at the Depot to receiver them.
If that day is too hasty to suit your
convenience, write me on which day
the box will be sent. be sure to
enclose a receipt & enclose it by letter.
Tell Grandmama that I am constant-
ly wearing the yarn socks & flannel
shirt with which she so Knowo’ly &
wisely provided me. I have never
yet experience any loss by following
either her or Grandpa’s advice, and
[Written in top margin on page 1:]
my only regret is that I have not observed
then more rigidly. My affectionate love to both.
I shall write
Grandpapa tomorrow.
Hoping to hear from you as frequently as heretofore
& that you will continue ever in the straight
path of which leads to happiness. I remain
Your affectionate Bro.
J. W. Daniel
[Written in side margin on page 1:]
P. S. Grandma’s letter was rec’vd this morning.

[transcription by Mary Roy Dawson Edwards with annotations by Robert K. Krick]

John Warwick Daniel, 1842-1910, disabled in the Battle of the Wilderness, later a University of Virginia law graduate, U. S. Senator and famous orator, known as the “Lame Lion of Lynchburg.”

[probably George P. Quackenbos, A Natural Philosophy, & Mitchell’s Modern Atlas, (N.Y. 1859). ]

MSS 158

1862 January 14

[from the diary of James Dinsmore Templeton, private and musician on leave from the 23rd Ohio]

Did nothing this forenoon
Went to Savannah the
afternoon. Called at
McGraths. Went to Wights
attended a phrenological
lecture this evening at
the Baptist church
mostly clear cold
snowing some to night

MSS 10317

1862 January 14 Camp Franklin, Va

Dear parents

I have bought a
paper to day I though I
would write a line and send
it home there is not much
news in it but there may be
something to interest you.

It is a beautiful snow storm
here to day there is about three
inches of snow now on the
ground and it is still snowing
this is what we might call
the first snow storm we have
had here we have not had
enough to cover the ground
before this.

Levi Small
has got well and has returned
to the company All of the
Raymond and Casco boys are
well and fit for duty

I have no particular news to
write I want to know how
you heard that Josiah Keen
was dead and all the particulars
I want to hear how your hay holds
out and how you are getting
along through the cold
weather and if you have got
wood enough hauld up to the
dore and every thing you
can think of to write

We have
been expecting to moove for some
time but we have not had orders
yet and may not at all. We have got
some new rifles they will shoot
500 yards they are Springfield rifle
musket I want you to write
soon
Hiram M. Cash

[private, Co. K, 5th Maine Infantry]

MSS 12916

1862 January 14 Camp Franklin Near Alaxandria

Dear Father–I recd your kind & welcome letter of the 3d & should
have answered it before but I have had no chance yesterday it snowed
here & two or three inches fell I wrote to Ellen last night you said some
thing about card playing there is A great deal done in this Regiment
after it gets paid off I do not play any because I do not know how to play
nor do I wish to know you wanted to know how the shanty was built it is
built square six logs at a side twenty four making the hold concern & after this is
made we bank it all up with earth then we put the tent right over it the other day
at the Brigade was out on drill Genl Slocums horse had A bayonet stuck in him we
was charging bayonets when the Horse gave A leap towards the bayonets the Horse was
worth over Five hundred dollars there is one of my tent mates who has been laying sick in the tent for over A week with A fever but he went to the hospital this morning where I hope he will get better I have not got more than two Portland Advertisers for three weeks we are going to practice target shooting the distance to stand from the targets is to be Five hundred yards & as each man tries his name is to be put down how nigh he comes to the mark we are to continue this for A month then after that we are got to attend to drilling the Guard House has been floored & new bunks made in it there has been thirty six Maid in it & Sentry boxes the Guard as they come off Guard have passes given to them it has not been so before since Jackson has had the command but when we had the old Officers no one could go in but the Guard & now Jackson is going to do the same thing which is the right way I could not get that pass to go to Baltimore the General would not sign it, but next week I am going to have one to go to Washington to see what is going on there I am well & hope this will find you & the rest of the Family enjoying the same From you Son Joseph Leavitt.

Letters from Joseph Leavitt of the 5th Maine and his brother George of the 5th New York were copied into a ledger by their father John Leavitt in October 1865 “because they are of value to me and I was fearful that they might get mislaid.” Both boys were mortally wounded in the war, George at Second Bull Run, August 30, 1862, and Joseph at Spotsylvania, May 18, 1864. MSS 66