1862 August 20 on the Rappahannock River

[from the diay of Lt. John Tyler of Letcher’s Artillery]

(Aug 20th)  Off at
4 o’c reached hill this side of Rappahannock
river at 8 o’c waited here until 4 o’c in after-
-noon.  Enemy in force on opposite side of
river.  We sent a part of Stewarts cavalry
and engaged their advanced post, but did
not result in anything but slight loss
on both sides.  Took dinner at Jas. Barbour’s
(quite a fine house).  At 4 o’c moved up the
river & bivouaced in the woods.  A rain came
up in the night, but a little portable tent of
Maj Ginter’s sheltered 4 of us easily.

[transcript by Mary Roy Dawson Edwards]

MSS 6150

1862 August 20 above Brandy Station on the Orange and Alexandria Railroad

[from the diary of Lancelot Minor Blackford of the Rockbridge Artillery]

Wednesday Aug. 20/62  –This morning our Corps, with 3 days
cooked rations, moved from the camp below Orange C.H. to
this place, viz, about 4 or 5 miles above Brandy Station, O. & A.R.
The rest of the army is following us, I presume.  Our
Division occupied the rear of the Corps to day, our Brigade the
rear of the Division, and our battery the rear of the brigade,
so that we were the hindmost part of the corps.  We
rose and got in readiness to move as ordered at
moonrise but did not move off fairly until at least
9 o’clock.  Then our journey was very long and laborious.
The country we passed through was by no means fertile
or promising, we travelled very fast; the weather
was very warm and the road very sunny.  We
crossed the Rapidan River at ______ Ford, and then got
into Culpeper, the best part of which however we
did not see to day.  Late in the evening we passed
through a village called “Newtown Shepherdsburg” a
short distance below which we bivouacked for the
night. This Battery was the last of the whole corps
to halt, as we had been the last in the morning to start.
It was sometime after night ere we turned into the
field by the road side where we are to spend the night.
The country this side of the Rapidan seems to have been
rid of the Yankees finally but yesterday.  today Joseph Packard, Jr.
returned from Hanover where he had been to minister to  his bro.
Walter, ill of Typhoid Fever there at the  house of Mr. Nortons.
Poor Walter, however, after lingering some time finally died
of that fearful disease this day one week ago.  His bro
Joe was the only one f the family near him.  His
father, mother and all his family are at their adopted
home in Fauquier, within the enemy’s line.  They will
not be hampered however may days longer, I fancy.

MSS 5088

1862 August 20 Washington, D. C.

Washington D.C.  Aug 20, 1862

My Beloved Harriette
                            I have just arrived
at this place–God be praised I am
again free – I thought last week I
should not get away within a year or so
if ever, but fortune smiled and I am
here with 160 other officers released wit
me, yesterday I visited my Regt. at
Fortress Monroe.  The enthusiastic reception
they gave me paid me for all I have
suffered–I am well–we all left
the cursed, dirty, filthy place at Richmond
called the Libby Prison on Sunday morning
arrived at Fortress Monroe Tuesday Monday night
where we reported to Genl Dix. The
next morning my officers sent Horses for
me & eight of my party to go out to
the Regiment three miles distant.  I passed
to day with them–Tuesday Evening we
all left on the Boar for Baltimore
where we arrived this day 8 A.M thence by
cars to Washington D.C. arrived here 1 P.M
We have reported to the Secretary of War

[page 2]
and are to receive orders from him
to morrow at 2 P M==
Since writing the above I have been placed in
possession of you kind letter informing me
of the Trunk of Clothing–I sent for it im
=mediately and am now for the first
time in four months decently clad–
I have just see Mother & Ellen & Williams
wife &Sister Ann & Brother Dorn [?] & his wife
Sarah & Sister Ann’s Daughters they are all
well–I am stoping at Willard’s
tomorrow I call upon the President
I hope to get a furlough but dont
know as I shall succeed, shall know
tomorrow–they want me to go im
=mediately to my Regt. I have pleaded
my wife & children & hope through them
or rather on account of them I shall suc
=ceed–If I do I shall push immediately
for Cambridge–I have been told that
the Cambridge folks or some of them
have said they would shoot me if I ever come
back there.  I am exceedingly anxious to give
them the priviledge–There are some people
there as rotten at least as the rotten meat
we have eaten for the last four months and
yet there are some as good people & true in
Cambridge as can be found anywhere earth–

[page 3]
I love my country & her institutions, I am
ready to serve her to the last–If any
man calls me a traitor now I am
free he dies if I live= Now my Dear
Harriette I will banish all such thoughts
& feelings as I am addressing the Dear one
I love so well–Dont get sick, dont feel
bad-God is good & will do all things well
for us as he always has–I dont depend
on Cambridge alone for a reputation–I am
now by force of circumstances acting upon
a broader field–I embrace you all in
love–Keep up good courage I think I
shall see you in a day or two–
love & thousands blessings to you all
I am surrounded by so many & tallking
so constantly that I can write but incoher
=ently–I will do better next time–
Good Bye my Dear till I see you
Tell Johny & Ifving & Wills & Phoebe I have
not forgotten them–
                         Yours Ever
                                    John S. Crocker

John S. Crocker, 1825-1890, Colonel of the 93rd Regiment, New York State Volunteers (Morgan rifles)

MSS 11312

1862 August 20 Portland, Ohio

[from the diary of Charles Hay of the 23rd Ohio]


                             
Lebark[?]. Ohio, Aug. 20, 1862, – Morning
     At 4 P.M. yesterday we had arrived at
the mouth of the Great Kanawha, and for
the first time in months, and to some
for more than a year, our eyes viewed
the soil of our native State, the glorious
Ohio.  As the “Logan”  rounded to at
Point Pleasant, and commenced ploughing
the waters of the Ohio, a loud cheer broke
the silence, coming spontaneously from the
soldiers on board, who felt that the
occasion was certainly an epoch in their
lives.  An hour or so after entering the
Ohio, we neared Pomeroy, the county-seat of
Meigs Co., Ohio.  On touching at the wharf,
we were greeted with hurrahs and cheers,
together with more substantial proofs of
kindness and patriotism; a shower of
cakes, pies, and fruit, miscellaneously
thrown amongst us.  This, the gift of
the good people of Pomeroy to entire strangers,
is regarded as an earnest of their patriotism &
loyalty.  The incident has made an impress
 upon all concerned, which will not soon
be forgotten, nor can we speak of the
citizens of Pomeroy without awakening
pleasant thoughts in the minds of those,
who were recipients of the edibles, and
had such kindness shown them by the
Pomeroy people.  We will not soon forget
such.  Long may they live, and
happily.
     At dark, we left Pomeroy, and proceeded
gradually up the river, and a short time
after night we ‘tied up,’ as it was
said the river was so low in places as
to be difficult of passage, even with the
aid of daylight.  At dawn this morn=
=ing we were again on the way, but had
proceeded but a short distance before
we were compelled to lighten the boat in

order that she might pass over the shoals
opposite here.  As a matter of course, this
was done by the soldiers getting off, and
going above on foot.  It being difficult
for the boat to pass over, we had plenty

of time to stroll about this pretty little
village, and converse with the denizens,
who were quite friendly and communicative.
They gave many of us excellent breakfasts,
and uniformly treated us kindly.  Such
manifestations of kindness will touch
the heart and feelings of the roughest
Soldier, as they do.  How often have 
I heard the contrast drawn by numbers 
that within a day or two past we
have been the recipients of more kindness
than in our whole Western Va., campaign,
from Western Virginians.
                             Portland, O., Aug. 20. Evening
     We proceeded slowly today in consequence
of the low stage of the water.  Without 
incident of note, we gained this point about
the middle of the afternoon.  At Buffington’s
Island, a short distance below, there are a
number of boats endeavoring to come up.
It will require time and labor to succeed.
Most of the citizens here are very kind,
and affable, and courteous.

[transcript by Mary Roy Dawson Edwards]

 MSS 13925                                                             

1862 August 20 on board the [Princeton?]

[from the diary of James Dinsmore Templeton, musician and private in the 23rd Ohio]

Wednesday, Aug. 20, 1862

This morning at
daybreak were
ordered up and took
to the land & marched
across the country
about 6 miles to
Portland where after wait-
ing some time we learned
that our boat had grounded
and was broken  I went
to a house & got my
breakfast, after a time we
played some.  were  invited &
went to a lady
and played some several of
the boys got dinner, found that
they had fed probably more
than 100 soldiers. during the
afternoon the left wing came
up.  We with Co A went on
board the P[rinceton?]
mostly clear warm

MSS 10317 


1862 August 20 Rappahannock River

[from the diary of Ephraim A. Wood, of Co. C, 13th Massachusetts]


Wednesday  Aug 20th 1862

The number of troops on the march
yesterday was probably nearly a
hundred thousand.  The Wagon train
that went ahead of us was nearly
twenty miles long.  The troops are all
about us.  The Brigade is camped in
a space about half as large as
our Camp at Williams port used to
be  This morning I went to the Rappa
hannock river and had a swim.
About noon we fell into line (This
Regt) and marched across the Bridge
and took up our quarters behind
a little hill  two pieces of Artillery
came across.  The Rebels had made
their appearance at the edge of the
woods about a mile distant,
We have got a beautiful position
and one Brigade could keep a
whole army back (nearly) as there
a level plain of a [-] long
between us and the woods.  If any
attempt to cross. we could mow
them down by the hundreds,
We have Artilery still placed along the
north back of the river.   a little
skirmish took place a little before
dark by the Artileryists.  The rest of
the Brigade came across before
dark.  At night four Companies from
each Regt went on picket.

[transcript by Mary Roy Dawson Edwards]

MSS 12021

1862 August 20 Clarke County, Va.

[from the diary of Matthella Page Harrison as transcribed at a later date]

 Wednesday  August 20

Cool and bright.  Cousin Frank walked over after breakfast and I returned with him to the Woods where I met Cousin M and the girls.  After a chat of an hour and a half we returned to our  homes.

MSS 9759

1862 August 20 “Clifton,” Fauquier County, Va.

[from the diary of Anne Madison Willis Ambler]

Wednesday, August 20, 1862

Pa went to the depot and came back much troubled-
said that the capt told him that seven guerillas
had been on his place for a week and that Mr. Timberlake
had fed them & the night before they were all at Mr. T’s
to supper- Pa denied knowing anything of it &
the capt said he believed him: but it was strange as he
did not if they were on his place: & he was afraid
some of them in authority might not believe it – &
by giving such aid he laid himself open to
being taken up & sent to Fort McHenry.– Pa
came home & asked Mr. T. of it who acknowledged
that a week ago a confederate came to his house
& asked for food & that he had given it to him &
carried some to Pa’s woods to six others- but they
were going to the army & he knew nothing of them
since, but the night before, seven persons had
taken supper there– two neighbors & four boys on
their way through the lines. Pa went back & told
Capt. S. the truth, but he did not seem to be entirely
satisfied.  Said he had the best authority for
believing that seven had been there for a week–
– Pa is much troubled about it.

[transcribed in 1972 by her granddaughter Ann Madison Wright Baylor]

MSS 15406

1862 August 20 Staunton, Va.

[from the diary of Joseph Addison Waddell, civilian employee of the Quarter Master Dept.]

Wednesday morning, Aug. 20, 1862.
A number of Marylanders, escaping from the draft ordered by 
the Lincoln government, have arrived here. Quite a cavalcade 
of them came in a while ago on horseback. It is rumored 
that Pope’s army is falling back. The Railroad trains being 
used for transportation of troops from Richmond + Lynch-
burg, we have no regular mails here this week. The freight 
train brought the mail yesterday. Burnt up my old bee-
hive yesterday evening, to destroy the worms, which infested it. 
Had a crowd of visitors last night.

[transcription by the Valley of the Shadow project]

MSS 38-258