1861 August 23 Richmond, Virginia]

I received this morning my dear Lucy yours of

yesterday & return you many thanks for writing so

regularly: before getting your letter the box was

delivered to me at Camp containing some beans[?]

a tin bucket (I suppose butter) some cakes, eggs

&c all which are very acceptable and go to

make our table quite out of the range of usual

camp fare; the comfort you send also will be

one indeed, and it is just what I wanted–I have

not called at the packet office to see about the

other box for distribution to the soldiers now

about the city most needing plain articles, but

I will endevour to see it has the proper direction

I forgot to mention the socks which you put into

my box which are just the thing I wanted &

was about to get some & suppose will have to try

woollen ones, as winter comes on–I took out

of the things I brought with me such clothing as

I thought there was no need of keeping & have put

them with Mary’s trunk which I want to send home

by Billie this afternoon. I take you have received

my letters regularly I have written whenever I could

get an opportunity as I shall always do–I

wish you would say to Irving that he may agree

as to the 45 cents pr barrel with Seay & 7 cts pr box for

grinding & tell him to send up that part of the

[page 2]

wheat which is the fair without being

the best-and tell him to have it well

cleaned, & request Seay to do what he

can to make a good article of Superfine

Flour–The boat with the Hay has

not yet come but I look for it to

arrive tonight–I saw Col Pendleton

today, he says he will be at our camp

this afternoon between 5 & 6. & that he

wants five Companies including mine to be

ready to go with him on Wednesday

morning next–but I yet think he is too

fast–the equipment of the Companies is

not enough advanced, but they may

be able to hurry matters up–I will write

again by the mail on Monday. I hope

all continues well with you how grateful would

it be for me to come & spend a few days

with you, but I cannot see any opportunity

now–Give my affectionate love to the dear children

to Mary & John & Sterling Kisses to dear Lelia

& all love to Nannie who I hope is coming on finely[?]

on horseback & to Miss Bal & All at Low[er] Bremo & [Bremo] Recess

& believe me ever my dear Lucy yrs most devotedly

Cary C. Cocke

Lower Bremo and Bremo Recess were two adjacent Cocke family plantations on the James River in Fluvanna County. Mary, John and Sterling were family “servants,” i.e. slaves.

MSS 640

1861 August 23

[from the diary of Wesley Hammond, Confederate soldier in the Dixie Greys (42nd Virginia, Co. E.)]

Friday

Day beautiful – Soldier died in

camp – read 15 chaps. in bible

20 pages in Milton’s Paradise

Lost. battalion drill – dress parade

MSS 5526

1861 August 23

[from the diary of Harrison B. Jones, 4th Sergeant, Co. H, 33rd Virginia Infantry]

the weather pleasant

there was quite an excite

ment to day owing to a

report that enemy were

advancing. we left our

encampment about 4 o’clock

and marched to farfax court

house. we then faced about

and returned to our encampment

MSS 14169

1861 August 22

[from the diary of Wesley Hammond, Confederate soldier in the Dixie Greys (42nd Virginia, Co. E.)]

Thursday 22.

Rained all day – done noth

ing but stay in our tents.

read 23 chap. in bible 29 pages in Mil- ^’ton’

MSS 5526

1861 August 22 The Island [Nelson County, Va.?]

My Beloved Husband

I was a little disappoint

-ed this morning, at not hearing from you, and

earnestly hope you were not prevented by sick-

ness, from writing. The mails are so irregu-

lar, that, to that reason,I may ascribe the

caise, and then I have no reason to com

plain, for you have written so often that

I had no right to expect a letter by

this mornings mail–I fear my own

precious husband that you have found

camp life very disagreeable for it

has been raining for nearly a week

& it must have been very damp in

a tent–I greatly fear its effect on

your health and at the first sym-

tom of indisposition you must leave

& come home–Remember dearest

you promised so todo before you

left–I received a sweet letter from

our dear mother this morning

written nearly a week ago–She is

[page 2]

very dear to me my Philip

and I shall go bac to her soon with

a heart overflowing with love &

tenderness–She says you sister

is much better–riding out, and

the rest of the family well–I also

received a most kind & affection

ate letter from you aunt Sallie

asking me to call to see her

on my return which I hope to

do if you mother concludes to

meet me there–I want you to

write me & to her (I mean

mother) when you think you

can come home, so that we may

know how to make our ar-

rangements–Your coming is the

beacon light which cheers me

on & keeps my poor heart from

sinking–Oh if you knew how

I long to see ou, –but it is well

that you do not for it would only

make our seperation harder for

you to bear–When will this agony

be over–Alas! none can tell and

there seems an eternity of suspense still to

[page 3]

to be endured–Mother writes

me my own precious Philip is

faring very badly now and hardly

has the neasessaries [sic] of life–

tell me what you have to live on

when you write and if there is much

sickness in our army–Everyone who

comes up from R-d tells us that

hundreds of soldiers are daily

being sent up to Manassas

Won’t you tell me in your next

how large a force you as far as

you can ascertain we have

there–I feel perfectly convin-

ced that all this is but a prelude

to an advance and what the re-

sult of that move may be non

can tell–Alex & V. are still

here but speak of going down in

about a week [word lined through] Alex

improves very slowly and I

dont think he will be aable to

go back to the army–He is

going down to try and get a place

in Genl Toomb’s staff.

[page 4]

I have nothing new or interesting

to write about & will not pain

you by dwelling on my own

sad thoughts–I am quite

well and take care of myself

as you desired–Luna & Char-

lie send a gread deal of love to

you–It is realy touching to see

how Luna tries to cheer me

She is constantly doing some

little act to show her affection

and says “Tell brother Phil I am

too thankful he let you stay here

with me” She and Charley ar my

constant companions & sweet little

comfortaers they are–All the neigh

bors have been most kind in com

ing to see me but I have been no

where except to see my old grand

mother–Farewell for the present

my own loved Philip I will write

again by the next mail & hope

to hear from you soon–May God

in His mercy bless & protect you

is the constant prayer of your

devoted wife J[ulia].C[alvert].B[olling]. Cabell

MSS 38-111

1861 Aug[ust] 22 camp of instruction Richmond Va

Dear father and mother

I take my pen In hand

to let you know that

I am well and hope

when theas few lines

come to hand they may

find you injoying the same

blessing I like the camp

life fine we air fareing very

we get lite bread & bacon &

rice & dride apples coffee, beef, sugar

that air some of our boys

in the hauspitle but tha

air all getting better.

father we have not got our

arms we dont know

when we will leave here

richmond father you

know more a bout the

news than I do we beside[?]

dont read any more n this

[page 2]

father & mothe[r] I have

seen more since I have

been in richmond then

you could shake a stick

at we have prayer meeting

every night & preaching

every Sundy, I have seen

the verry yankeys we

have about 3000 priseners

we got caps to wear James

[name?] sent word that

we was hard looking

cases you would laugh

to see me rubing the

shirttails you or to

see me making up bread

throwing the do from

east to west mother

I had my likeness

taken & will send it

to you the first

chanc you can gett it at

Amsterdam halt

[page 3]

father I would like to have

a bout 3 dollars if you

can get it if you do send

me any be carefull to

direct your letter to camp

on instrucktion richmand

Va in care of P G Bre

in ri ckinridge we dont

drill much I have stood

guard wonce & we stand

2 hours and rest four and

then nextt day we can go

to town we see the

verry gals in richmond

while i am writing thte

boys air getting super

some baking pyse

some air eatting and

so on tell the girls

to write to me tell

tell susy write to

me we air all in fine

spirits amen & amen

[page 4]

we have a jolly

pold time tell all th

children howdy for

me I here cannons

fireing every day it is

our artillery a practice

ing there the air thr

owing bresast works

all around richmond

my bad writing and

spelling is nothing

at preasent mossy

John hammaer away

at the old guns

write to me soon

so I will knode know

that you get my

letters yours untill death

so good By

James B. Painter

Corporal, Company K, 28th Virginia Infantry.

if you send me some money

send it soon we [?] leave

so[o?]n

MSS 10661

1861 Aug[ust] 22 Camp Magruder

To his Excellency

John Letcher

Governor of Virginia

Private Peter R. Dunnington

the bearer of this volunteered to join my company before any

exemptions had been granted by the proclamation; he

mustered with the company had his measure taken with

the other men, & his uniform was made up, & is now

in camp. Having come out of the Militia of the Line

& entered & served with a volunteer company of which

I have chief charge, I concluded the exemptions gran

ted by the second proclamation of your Excellency, did

not release any who were in the Volunteer service, &

that therefore the said Dunnington owed service

in my company & accordingly after an interview with

you excellency I sent up specialy to require his

presence here. Whatever decision you Excellency

may make in the case shall be intirely satisfactory

to yours very respectfully

Cary C. Cocke, Capt

Fluvanna Light Artillery

[see letter of August 19 of J. B. Fenwick of Scottsville, asking for an exemption for Dunnington]

[docketed:]

This man must go into service

under Capt Cocke

He cannot be ex

empted.

John Letcher

Aug 22 1861

MSS 640

1861 August 21 Camp Shady Spring

Maj. gen Robert. E. Lee

Commanding in Chief

Sir

Having

been assigned to special service by Genl

H. A. Wise to direct the operations of a Body

of Militia partly from my own Brigade

& partly from Genl Chapmans with Caskies

troop Rangers in the loop of New River

embracing all of Raleigh County & part

of Fayette County. I have formed a

camp of instruction at this place 9

miles south of Raleigh C.H and have

now a force of about 250 men from Fayette

& Raleigh Counties besides Caskies Rangers

numbering 41. While awaiting reinforce-

=mets from Monroe Giles & Mercer Coun-

=ties in Genl Chapman’s Brigade,

understanding there were four comp=

[page 2]

=anies of Volunteers newly organized

and officered in the County of Mercer

in the vicinity of Princeton viz Two

companies of Cavalry & under Capt

Napoleon B. French & Wm Henderson French

& two companies of Infantry under Capt

John Peck and John Dunlap I repaird

these with Dr Stites my acting surgeon

for the purpose of mustering them into

my 35 Regiment and consolidating &

preparing them for the field in my camp

of Instruction without delay. These Capts

refused to be mustered mustered into

service and the militia of Mercer having

been called out by Genl Chapman’s order

at the same time they & their men

refused to march with the militia

disobeying the order of the colonel of the

militia Regiment to that effect I am

also informed that there is a company

of Infantry fully organized under Capt

Wm. P. Cecil and two more companies

now forming in the county of Tazewell

[page 3]

and one forming in Giles county.

General I ask

that you will send me explicit and

positive orders for these several companies

to repair without delay to my camp of

Instruction, and be mustered into service.

These companies are without good

drill masters and will require a

good deal of attention to fit them for the

field even with the advantages & facilities

of a Camp of instruction and the public

service in my opinion demands that

these companies be promptly mustered in

the service.

As Soon as I am reinforced by

the militia from Monroe, Giles & Mercer

counties which by a dispatch from Genl

Chapman will take place in few days

I will advance toward Fayette C.H.

& Cotton Hill scouting, watching

closely & harrassing the Enemy & coopera

=ting as far as the nature of my force

will admit with Genls Floyd & Wise

[page 4]

Very respe[c]tfully, General

Your obdt Servt

Alfred Beckley

Brig Genl & Col. 35th Reg Vols

Alfred Beckley, 1802-1888. Five days after writing this plea to Lee Beckley assisted Genl. John B. Floyd in his victory over Union General Colonel Erastus B. Tyler at Cross Lanes, Nicholas County [West] Virginia

original letter tipped into “Four Years with General Lee” by Walter H. Taylor

1861 August 21 Camp Vernon

Dear parents and friends

I suppose ere

this reaches you the last one that I wrote

before will have reached you and in some

measure relieved your mind. In about two hours

after I maled my last letter the order

came to strike tents and march imediately

which we did as short notice we came to

our new camp in about one hour it is a

good place close under the guns of fort Ellsworth

which I suppose we are to protect if there is an

attack made here our Regt is at work on the

fort strengthening it by diging trenches on the

inside to protect the men in case of battle I

have been there at work 2 1/2 days and expect

to work a number days yet there is a large

body of woods that has got to be cut away

we are expecting 1,000 axes to commence with

we works six hours a day and this will make

us healthy and hearty the men in my tent

[page 2]

say that I am fating up a little at any

rate I feel first rate and have a good

appetite to eat any thing that is furnished

our pickets had a little skirmishing once in

a while the other day our cavelry met the

rebel cavelry our men routed them and drove

them to fair fax our men lost one killed

two wounded and caught a number of prisoners and 5 or 6 horses

the enimys loss is not known we are expec

ting an attack some where on the Potomack but

we do not know where it will be we are pre-

pared for them at this point I do not think

that 100,000 rebels can drive us from this place

this is the general opion about here I can see

from where I am our men at work blocking

up the roads and taking away bridges to pr

event the enimy from crossing the river into

Maryland which they intend to do if they

can but I think they will get disappointed

in the undertaking we have a plenty to eat

and it is good enough we sold two bbls. of beef the

other day belong to our Co. and bought a bbl.

of syrup which is first rat to eat on bredd.

[page 3]

we have meal corn and flour puddings two or

three times a week if I did not recieve so

much by one third, I should have as much

as I could eat. you asked a few questions in

your letter and will answer them the first

way to know if we were coming home in three

months there has been a rumer that we was

coming home in three months but I cannot

say it is true and I hope it is not I know

there is not any one that wants to be at home

any more than I do but it will not suit me

to come home before this question is settled,

if we are to be ordered home I will write

in season to let you know you wanted

to know if George F. I supposed you ment Fred

came of of the battle safe he did come out

safe and sound he was lame and tired

the same as the rest of the men it is not

safe to believe any thing untill you are sure

that you are right I did not know what

you ment by my coming up missing after the

battle we were ordered to retreet each one for

himself and we separated, and come together

[page 4]

and come together again about 5 miles from

the battlefield, there was about 20 of our Regt

with me and we went a straight course to Senterville

with the sentre colume the rest were scattered in

squads all through the woods til we got to

Sentreville where our company got together

and stoped about 3 or 4 hours and then resumed our

march to fair fax and thence to Alexandrea

where we stoped a day or two to rest. I have

received all the letters you have writen seven in

number they have all come direct to me

I have not any more news to write here is some

pictures for Walter and some watermellon

seeds for you to save to plant the mellons

are the largest I ever saw. I expect to have some

money soon and I shall send it home and I want

you to make a good use of it use it for any

thing you need, I return this bit of paper

for you to keep for it was written by our sargent

Smith G. Baley I have seen it before in paper

Hiram M. Cash

Private, Co. K, 5th Maine

MSS 12916

1861 August 21 Centerville [Virginia]

My dearest wife

I got off from duty to day & went down

to the Camp of the Goochland troop–I saw dear Richard

& he rode back with me nearly to this place. He is

very well & sends much love to you all–I thought

John Hampton would have wrung my hand off. The

poor fellow seems very anxious to see all at home

& sent all kinds of messages to you & your Father

& the children–William Fleming was there–As he

came on from home he lost his trunk & with it your

letter for me–which consequently I have not received

and it seems a long time since I heard from you.

they sent me a big box of edibles from home a

few days ago & some very interesting letters from

Mother Sally & Fanny–The latter gave me a very

interesting account of the marriage among he[r] dolls–

Mother said you had not written to her, Pink. I

was no little surprised to hear this as it has been

a constant request of mine that you should write

to her as often as possible–I hope there is some mis-

take about it, for I am lothe[sic] to believe you would

neglect so plain a duty. Mother spoke of you

in the most affectionate terms & expressed an earnest

wish that you might soon return home where she

cannot stay without you. She was with Sister, who

[page 2]

who had so far recovered her health as to be able

to attend meals in the dining room. Remember

my dearest it is my earnest desire that you soon

return to our home–Get the children comfortably

fixed & then go up to comfort our parents. I shall

soon visit you there for work is not very pressing

just now and I can go down one day remain one

& return to my post the next. I might even remain

longer perhaps–I have been here nearly a fortnight

now & at the expiration of each month I expect to

pay my darling a visit until our little one is born

when I shall remain with you some time. My thoughts

are always with you my precious wife & I pray

to our good Lord for you[r] safety and health, both

bodily & spiritual–Pray yourself dearest for charity,

that charity which I have so often sought to infuse

into your hearts; Charity for all human beings–for

with it comes peace– Pray too for my, my Blessing,

for there are many things in my associations

here, calculated to keep me far from the Lord–

May His Grace & mercy strengthen me–

We are living very well at Head Quarters now. A

box comes in from somewhere almost every day.

Tomatoes & potatoes cold bread &c have been very abun

-dant. Mother sent me two fine boiled hams which

have been very much relished–There has been a

[page 3]

box from Bremo, one from Belmead, one from Hanover

one from Charlottesville & one from Mobile Alabama. My

man John has made himself very useful & popular

by his accomplishments in the Kitchen.

I heard thro’ my letters from home that Aunt Polly was

worse again. I suppose the old lady cant last long.

I am very glad now I went to see her.

I wish I could have you here with me sometimes. This

is a most lonely country naturally, juts level enough

to be agreeable & just rolling enough to be picturesque,

while along the western horizon rolls the vast mass

of the Blue ridge mountains–The villages of white

tents where the regiments encamp & which are dotted

about every where around, add no little to the beauty

of the scene–I did wish for you so much on Tuesday

evening–It had been cloudy all day and the sun

was just beginning to look thro’ the thin clouds pre-

senting that peculiar appearance which the negroes

call ‘drawing water.’ I was out witnessing the drill

of our regiments–In a piece of rising ground

which commands a view of the whole country & which

was perfectly bare of tree or shrub the armed men

went thro’ all the evolutions of the line with admir-

able precision, their bayonets glancing in the Sun

light, the whole appearing where I was standing to

move in relief against the blue mountains – with the

[page 4]

vast expanse of singularly beautiful sky above them.

I cannot describe it to you, but as it struck

me very forcibly, I could not help thinking how

you would have enjoyed it. Up towards Fairrax

C.H. the country is even more beautiful than it

is here–You can see a firtile valley at one place

stretching away for miles & no less than nine

regiments encamped on its firtile bosom. But

a soldier soon forgets to look at these things

& perhaps if it had not been for you I should

never have noticed them. I might as well in fact, have

left my agricultural eyes at home, for I have

not seen a laborer in the fields since here I have been

about Centerville more than half the fences are gone

Nothing but a few cornfields remain, which were

probably planted before the war began. Not a plow

forrow to be seen–anwhere– Hogs & cattle running

at large, houses deserted by all but soldiers. Capt.

Harrison told me yesterday of an elegant house

at the little village of Fall’s Church which had been

deserted by its yankee owner just after the battle

the family leaving with nothing but their clothes on their

backs–and everything in kitchen parlor & chambers to be rifled

by the soldiery–The very hos were sleeping in the Paralor

& the soldiers had dirtied up every thing–Such is war!

May the Lord keep it far from our quiet homes–

Good bye now my own precious beloved wife. Tak

care of you dear self if only for the sake of

Your ever devoted Husband

P.B. Cabell

Philip Barraud Cabell, 1836-1904, nephew of General Philip St. George Cocke and grandson of General John Harwell Cocke ,was one of the few antebellum students at the University of Virginia to obtain a master’s degree. After the war he was a professor at Urbana University in Ohio, and later a minister of a Swedenborgian church in Wilmington Delaware. His wife Julia Calvert Bolling Cabell known as “Pinkie”, had been a popular Virginia belle before her marriage six months previously



MSS 38-111